Articles

How Saudi Arabia’s Regulatory M&A Landscape is Evolving

September 22, 2026

Merger control remains the most significant regulatory regime for mergers and acquisitions.

Client Updates

Articles

CAK Annual Report FY 2024/25: Key Competition Law Developments

September 6, 2026

CAK’s FY 2024/25 Annual Report highlights key developments in merger control, antitrust enforcement, and competition law in Kenya.

Articles

Understanding UAE Change of Control Rules for Financial Businesses

August 24, 2026

UAE change of control rules for regulated financial businesses, including key ownership thresholds and approval requirements.

Articles

Consumer Protection Under the ECOWAS Regulatory Framework

July 13, 2026

The ECOWAS consumer protection framework is entering a more active phase. Bremer advises businesses on competition, consumer protection, and regulatory compliance across complex and developing markets in Africa and the Middle East.

Articles

ECA Issues Guidelines on Competition in Digital Markets

June 20, 2026

In October 2025, the Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) published guidelines on the application of the Egyptian Competition Law to digital markets.

Articles

UAE Issues Executive Regulations to the Competition Law: Key Merger Control Takeaways

May 13, 2026

On 8 May 2026, the UAE Cabinet issued the Executive Regulations to the UAE Competition Law through Cabinet Decision 59/2026.

Articles

Merger Control in Kuwait: How the Regime Has Evolved Five Years After Reform

May 12, 2026

Kuwait’s competition landscape looks very different today than it did before Law 72/2020 came into force.

Articles

COMESA Authority Investigates Meta Over WhatsApp Business API Restrictions

March 7, 2026

The COMESA Competition and Consumer Commission (CCCC) recently commenced an investigation into Meta Platforms Ireland Limited following changes to the terms governing access to the WhatsApp Business Application Programming Interface (API).

Articles

Iraq Issues First Merger Guidelines: What Businesses and Investors Should Know

February 23, 2026

In February 2026, the Iraqi Competition and Antitrust Council (CAC) issued its Guideline on Mergers and Restrictive Commercial Practices.

Articles

The EU FSR Decision and Its Implications for Middle Eastern Investors

January 30, 2026

The EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR) has introduced a new layer of regulatory review for non-EU companies investing, bidding, or operating in the European Union. For Middle Eastern investors.

Articles

New GAC Guidelines on Anti-Competitive Agreements: A Compliance Roadmap for Businesses in Saudi Arabia

January 18, 2026

The Saudi General Authority for Competition (GAC) has issued new guidelines on anti-competitive agreements under the Saudi Competition Law and its Executive Regulations.

Articles

DIFC and ADGM Rules on Change of Control in Financial Regulated Businesses

November 24, 2025

The DIFC and ADGM have each developed robust frameworks governing changes of control in financial regulated businesses.

Articles

Antitrust Cooperation in the MENA Region: Momentum Builds, But Refinement of Regulations Remain Modest

June 23, 2025

As cross-border business and regulatory enforcement become more intertwined, competition authorities in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are stepping up efforts to regulate.

Articles

Moroccan Merger Control: Navigating the Ambiguities of the Local Nexus Test

May 8, 2025

As Morocco steps up its merger control enforcement, businesses are increasingly grappling with the country’s evolving local nexus test.

Articles

Saudi Arabia’s GAC Issues New Merger Guidelines: A Closer Look at What’s Changed

April 25, 2025

On July 1, 2024, Saudi Arabia’s General Authority for Competition (GAC) released a new, fifth edition of its Merger Control Guidelines—an important update that businesses, investors, and legal advisors should carefully review.

Articles

GAC Issues Third Conditional Approval

March 28, 2025

In February 2025, the Saudi General Authority for Competition (GAC) issued conditional approval for a significant transaction—its third such decision since the Kingdom’s revised merger control regime took effect in September 2019.

Articles

The New Jordanian Merger Control Regime: One Year

November 19, 2024

In July 2022, the Jordanian government amended the Jordanian Competition Law (Law 33/2004), introducing significant changes to its merger control regime.

Articles

Pending Amendments to the COMESA Merger Control Regime

October 11, 2024

In early 2024, the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) Competition Commission (CCC) proposed significant amendments to its merger control regime.

Articles

The New Moroccan Merger Control Regime: One Year

September 25, 2024

The Moroccan Competition Council’s enhanced merger control regime, supported by clearer guidelines and increased penalties, signals a shift toward greater enforcement.

Articles

Navigating the European Commission’s Anti-Dumping Investigation: Egyptian Steel Manufacturers at a Crossroads

September 16, 2024

On 8 August, the European Commission launched an anti-dumping investigation into hot-rolled flat steel products from Egypt, India, Japan, and Vietnam.

Articles

Saudi General Authority for Competition Announces Significant Merger Guideline Updates

August 15, 2024

On July 1, 2024, the Saudi General Authority for Competition (GAC) announced key amendments to its merger guidelines.

Articles

Egypt's New Pre-Closing Notification Merger Control Regime

August 7, 2024

On May 23, 2024, the Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) hosted a discussion to clarify Egypt's new pre-closing notification merger control regime.

Articles

The GAC Board Initiates Criminal Proceedings Against 64 Car Parts Businesses

April 29, 2024

In a recent board meeting held on December 27, 2023, the Saudi General Authority for Competition (GAC) made significant strides in reinforcing its commitment to fair market practices.

Articles

Enhancing Transparency and Effectiveness: The General Authority of Competition's (GAC) Strides Towards Enforcement Awareness

March 27, 2024

In the realm of fostering fair market practices and ensuring healthy competition, regulatory bodies play a pivotal role.

Articles

The Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) Investigates Printing Houses

March 2, 2024

In recent years, Egypt has been actively pursuing measures to promote fair competition and protect consumer welfare across various sectors.

Articles

Moroccan Merger Guidelines

February 23, 2024

In a landmark development, the Moroccan Competition Council has recently published updated merger control guidelines, offering much-needed clarity on notification obligations under Moroccan merger rules.

Articles

Saudi Arabia Expands Merger Control Regime, Causing Headaches for Businesses

December 15, 2023

Saudi Arabia recently amended its merger control notification thresholds to reduce filings for transactions unrelated to the Kingdom.

Articles

Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) Conducts Investigation into the Market for School Uniforms

October 20, 2023

Education is a cornerstone of economic growth and societal well-being, and the Egyptian government recognizes its pivotal role in the country's development.

Articles

Morocco’s New Merger Control Thresholds

September 11, 2023

On May 24, 2023, the Moroccan legislature ushered in a new era of merger control with the implementation of heightened notification thresholds.

Articles

Unlocking Investment Opportunities: Saudi Arabia and Egypt Open Doors to Foreign Investors in their Mining Sectors

July 10, 2023

In recent years, Saudi Arabia and Egypt have made significant strides to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) into their respective mining sectors.

Articles

Kuwaiti Competition Protection Agency Issues First Penalties

July 3, 2023

In Kuwait, the Competition Protection Authority (CPA) has been actively enforcing the Law on the Protection of Competition.

Articles

Cross Border Mergers in the Middle East Merger Control Considerations

May 12, 2023

Are you looking to expand your business into the Middle East and seize the opportunities offered by foreign direct investment and privatization? Bremer can help you navigate the complex landscape and maximize your chances of success.

Articles

Egypt Hosts Summit for African Competition Authorities: Implications for Businesses and Investors

May 3, 2023

Egypt recently hosted a summit for African competition authorities to foster effective communication and information exchange among regulators.

Articles

The Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) Takes Action Against Textbook Cartel

April 7, 2023

The recent actions taken by the Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) against textbook providers in the education sector highlight the importance of fair competition in business practices.

Articles

The Egyptian Competition Authority Takes Action Against Bid Rigging

April 5, 2023

The Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) has recently turned its attention to the public sector, more specifically, bid rigging.

Articles

Amendments to the Saudi Commercial Agency Law

September 28, 2022

To learn more about the changes to Commercial Agency Law or for advice on moving forward in your explorations in the Saudi and GCC markets, visit our website.

Articles

Strategic Locations

Bremer maintains offices throughout the Near and Middle East and Africa, positioning clients for success in the region.

Articles

How Saudi Arabia’s Regulatory M&A Landscape is Evolving

CAK Annual Report FY 2024/25: Key Competition Law Developments

Understanding UAE Change of Control Rules for Financial Businesses

Consumer Protection Under the ECOWAS Regulatory Framework

ECA Issues Guidelines on Competition in Digital Markets

UAE Issues Executive Regulations to the Competition Law: Key Merger Control Takeaways

Merger Control in Kuwait: How the Regime Has Evolved Five Years After Reform

COMESA Authority Investigates Meta Over WhatsApp Business API Restrictions

Iraq Issues First Merger Guidelines: What Businesses and Investors Should Know

The EU FSR Decision and Its Implications for Middle Eastern Investors

New GAC Guidelines on Anti-Competitive Agreements: A Compliance Roadmap for Businesses in Saudi Arabia

DIFC and ADGM Rules on Change of Control in Financial Regulated Businesses

Antitrust Cooperation in the MENA Region: Momentum Builds, But Refinement of Regulations Remain Modest

Moroccan Merger Control: Navigating the Ambiguities of the Local Nexus Test

Saudi Arabia’s GAC Issues New Merger Guidelines: A Closer Look at What’s Changed

GAC Issues Third Conditional Approval

The New Jordanian Merger Control Regime: One Year

Pending Amendments to the COMESA Merger Control Regime

The New Moroccan Merger Control Regime: One Year

Navigating the European Commission’s Anti-Dumping Investigation: Egyptian Steel Manufacturers at a Crossroads

Saudi General Authority for Competition Announces Significant Merger Guideline Updates

Egypt's New Pre-Closing Notification Merger Control Regime

The GAC Board Initiates Criminal Proceedings Against 64 Car Parts Businesses

Enhancing Transparency and Effectiveness: The General Authority of Competition's (GAC) Strides Towards Enforcement Awareness

The Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) Investigates Printing Houses

Moroccan Merger Guidelines

Saudi Arabia Expands Merger Control Regime, Causing Headaches for Businesses

Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) Conducts Investigation into the Market for School Uniforms

Morocco’s New Merger Control Thresholds

Unlocking Investment Opportunities: Saudi Arabia and Egypt Open Doors to Foreign Investors in their Mining Sectors

Kuwaiti Competition Protection Agency Issues First Penalties

Cross Border Mergers in the Middle East Merger Control Considerations

Egypt Hosts Summit for African Competition Authorities: Implications for Businesses and Investors

The Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) Takes Action Against Textbook Cartel

The Egyptian Competition Authority Takes Action Against Bid Rigging

Amendments to the Saudi Commercial Agency Law

Strategic Locations

Egypt

UAE

Saudi Arabia

Kuwait

MOROCCO

London

UAE